The Twelve Permaculture Principles

Twelve Permaculture design principles

As laid out by David Holmgren in Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability:

1. Observe and interact

2. Catch and store energy

3. Obtain a yield

4. Apply self-regulation and accept feedback

5. Use and value renewable resources and services

6. Produce no waste

7. Design from patterns to details

8. Integrate rather than segregate

9. Use small and slow solutions

10. Use and value diversity

11. Use edges and value the marginal

12. Creatively use and respond to change